{"id":449,"date":"2025-10-22T09:59:01","date_gmt":"2025-10-22T01:59:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.youvii.site\/?p=449"},"modified":"2025-10-22T09:59:01","modified_gmt":"2025-10-22T01:59:01","slug":"23tcp_ipxiangjie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.youvii.site\/index.php\/archives\/23tcp_ipxiangjie","title":{"rendered":"2.3TCP_IP\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"

2.3 TCP\/IP\u8be6\u89e3<\/h1>\n

\u4e00\u3001OSI\u53c2\u8003\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670729064-d91b943b-66ba-45f1-a71f-bda2890bcf38.png\"<\/p>\n

\"1741670729377-6ca98d69-27d4-43a9-9b04-dca3427596b7.png\"<\/p>\n

OSI\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u5404\u81ea\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5e94\u7528\u5c42<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u5e76\u89c4\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u7b49\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8868\u793a\u5c42<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u9002\u5408\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u6216\u5c06\u6765\u81ea\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5c42\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5c42<\/p>\n

\u8d1f\u8d23\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u65ad\u5f00\u901a\u4fe1\u8fde\u63a5\uff08\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u901a\u8def\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u5272\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42<\/p>\n

\u8d77\u7740\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u53ea\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u53cc\u65b9\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5728\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0a\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5c42\u8d1f\u8d23\u51b3\u5b9a\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u65f6\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u65ad\u5f00\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u8fc7\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u800c\u6210\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u5bfb\u5740\u548c\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42<\/p>\n

\u8d1f\u8d23\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u4e0a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u3001\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0e1\u4e2a\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u76f8\u8fde\u76842\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u5c060\u30011\u5e8f\u5217\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u4f20\u9001\u7ed9\u5bf9\u7aef\uff08\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u7684\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u63a5\u6536\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7269\u7406\u5c42<\/p>\n

\u8d1f\u8d230\u30011\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\uff080\u30011\u5e8f\u5217\uff09\u4e0e\u7535\u538b\u7684\u9ad8\u4f4e\u3001\u5149\u7684\u95ea\u706d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u6362<\/p>\n

\u4e03\u5c42\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670729178-690888f8-4db1-417a-bdec-8a13e6678c19.png\"<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001IP\u534f\u8bae\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.IPv4\u9996\u90e8<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670729091-b4b8ef09-a4ad-4405-b934-6ab875508b26.png\"<\/p>\n

\"1741670729118-554ae78a-bc76-4614-98f3-d6eaf7b90221.png\"<\/p>\n

WireShark\u6293\u5305\u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670733591-82f9a1ce-20be-4cad-8ae1-243b731f1a15.png\"<\/p>\n

*\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u503c\u4e3a5\u884c\uff0c20bytes\uff085\u884c<\/em>4\u5b57\u8282\u6bcf\u884c=20\u5b57\u8282\uff09<\/font>**<\/p>\n

*\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u662f4bit\uff0c\u800c2^4\u662f16\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u662f0-15(\u4e5f\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a4bit\u5373\u662f4\u4e2a1\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u5c31\u662f15)\uff0c\u56fe\u4e2d\u6bcf\u884c\u662f4\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282(32bits)\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u5c31\u662f15<\/em>4=60\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/font>**<\/p>\n

2.IPv6\u9996\u90e8<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670733698-b602b79c-dd40-4182-9bd5-669ce46ffade.png\"<\/p>\n

\"1741670733593-fbfb5581-fb6a-47ce-a319-320629d23907.png\"<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001TCP\u534f\u8bae\uff1a<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u6709\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u3001\u65e0\u4e22\u5931\u3001\u65e0\u5dee\u9519\uff0c\u9762\u5411\u5b57\u8282\u6d41(\u628a\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u4f20\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u770b\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\uff0c\u628a\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u7b49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5757)\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\uff0c\u9996\u90e8 20 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5168\u53cc\u5de5<\/font><\/p>\n

1.Tcp\u9996\u90e8<\/font><\/p>\n

\"1741670733614-ea4be859-4c30-4f28-b3b5-ee62eeaab20a.png\"<\/p>\n

\"1741670733584-cacab9c2-a9c2-4a57-9d0c-63c3a1d19b26.png\"<\/p>\n

TCP\u8fde\u63a5:SYN ACK RST UTG PSH FIN<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

SYN\uff1a\u540c\u6b65\u6807\u5fd7<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u540c\u6b65\u5e8f\u5217\u7f16\u53f7(Synchronize Sequence Numbers)\u680f\u6709\u6548\u3002\u8be5\u6807\u5fd7\u4ec5\u5728\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u5efa\u7acbTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u6709\u6548\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u793aTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u68c0\u67e5\u5e8f\u5217\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u8be5\u5e8f\u5217\u7f16\u53f7\u4e3aTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u521d\u59cb\u7aef(\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef)\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5e8f\u5217\u7f16\u53f7\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

ACK\uff1a\u786e\u8ba4\u6807\u5fd7<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u786e\u8ba4\u7f16\u53f7(Acknowledgement Number)\u680f\u6709\u6548\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8be5\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u662f\u7f6e\u4f4d\u7684\u3002TCP\u62a5\u5934\u5185\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u7f16\u53f7\u680f\u5185\u5305\u542b\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u7f16\u53f7(w+1\uff0cFigure-1)\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u671f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u793a\u8fdc\u7aef\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u63a5\u6536\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

RST\uff1a\u590d\u4f4d\u6807\u5fd7<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u4f4d\u6807\u5fd7\u6709\u6548\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u4f4d\u76f8\u5e94\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

URG\uff1a\u7d27\u6025\u6807\u5fd7<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7d27\u6025(The urgent pointer) \u6807\u5fd7\u6709\u6548\u3002\u7d27\u6025\u6807\u5fd7\u7f6e\u4f4d\uff0c<\/font><\/p>\n

PSH\uff1a\u63a8\u6807\u5fd7<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8be5\u6807\u5fd7\u7f6e\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u4e0d\u5c06\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u961f\u5217\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5feb\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u7531\u5e94\u7528\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5728\u5904\u7406 telnet \u6216 rlogin \u7b49\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u6807\u5fd7\u603b\u662f\u7f6e\u4f4d\u7684\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

FIN\uff1a\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u5fd7<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5e26\u6709\u8be5\u6807\u5fd7\u7f6e\u4f4d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7528\u6765\u7ed3\u675f\u4e00\u4e2aTCP\u56de\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u5e94\u7aef\u53e3\u4ecd\u5904\u4e8e\u5f00\u653e\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u63a5\u6536\u540e\u7eed\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u5728TCP\u5c42\uff0c\u6709\u4e2aFLAGS\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6807\u8bc6\uff1aSYN, FIN, ACK, PSH, RST, URG.\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u9762\u7684\u4e94\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\uff1aSYN\u8868\u793a\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\uff0cFIN\u8868\u793a\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\uff0cACK\u8868\u793a\u54cd\u5e94\uff0cPSH\u8868\u793a\u6709 DATA\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\uff0cRST\u8868\u793a\u8fde\u63a5\u91cd\u7f6e\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cACK\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0eSYN\uff0cFIN\u7b49\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982SYN\u548cACK\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a1\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u5355\u4e2a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2aSYN\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

TCP\u7684\u51e0\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684ACK\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u4f46SYN\u4e0eFIN\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a1\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u524d\u8005\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u8005\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

RST\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u5728FIN\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e3a1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u91cd\u7f6e\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u5730\uff0c\u5f53\u51fa\u73b0FIN\u5305\u6216RST\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u65ad\u5f00\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\uff1b<\/font><\/p>\n

\u800c\u5f53\u51fa\u73b0SYN\u548cSYN\uff0bACK\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

PSH\u4e3a1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u51fa\u73b0\u5728DATA\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4e3a0\u7684\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4PSH\u4e3a1\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684TCP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5185\u5bb9\u88ab\u4f20\u9012\u3002TCP\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0d\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

WireShark\u6293\u5305\u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670734256-fb9cf3cc-f15f-437f-8be7-b7f6a9358eac.png\"<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e3a0885\uff0816\u8fdb\u5236\uff09\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u621010\u8fdb\u5236\u5c31\u4e3a2181<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

2.\u63e1\u624b\u6325\u624b\u56fe\u793a<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670734575-73306c4d-e45a-40f0-aa81-cd785d8bdccf.png\"<\/p>\n

3.\u63e1\u624b\u6d41\u7a0b<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670734302-023e8664-b5ab-4947-abf5-5539597cb2b8.png\"<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff1a \u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff0c\u5c06SYN\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e3a1\uff0cSequence Number\u4e3ax\uff1b\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u5165SYN_SEND\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\uff1b<\/font><\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff1a \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u5230SYN\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684SYN\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2aSYN\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6eAcknowledgment Number\u4e3ax+1(Sequence Number+1)\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u81ea\u5df1\u8fd8\u8981\u53d1\u9001SYN\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5c06SYN\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e3a1\uff0cSequence Number\u4e3ay\uff1b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u653e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff08\u5373SYN+ACK\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u5165SYN_RECV\u72b6\u6001\uff1b<\/font><\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff1a \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684SYN+ACK\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5c06Acknowledgment Number\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3ay+1\uff0c\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001ACK\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u53d1\u9001\u5b8c\u6bd5\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u90fd\u8fdb\u5165ESTABLISHED\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210TCP\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

4.\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff1f<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u201c\u5df2\u5931\u6548\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u201d\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff1aclient\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u70b9\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6ede\u7559\u4e86\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5ef6\u8bef\u5230\u8fde\u63a5\u91ca\u653e\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u624d\u5230\u8fbeserver\u3002\u672c\u6765\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e9\u5df2\u5931\u6548\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u3002\u4f46server\u6536\u5230\u6b64\u5931\u6548\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u8bef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662fclient\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u5c31\u5411client\u53d1\u51fa\u786e\u8ba4\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff0c\u540c\u610f\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0d\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u8981server\u53d1\u51fa\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5c31\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728client\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u51fa\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7406\u776cserver\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5411server\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f46server\u5374\u4ee5\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u8fd0\u8f93\u8fde\u63a5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u5e76\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5f85client\u53d1\u6765\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0cserver\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u8d44\u6e90\u5c31\u767d\u767d\u6d6a\u8d39\u6389\u4e86\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u201d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u4e0a\u8ff0\u73b0\u8c61\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u521a\u624d\u90a3\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0cclient\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5411server\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u53d1\u51fa\u786e\u8ba4\u3002server\u7531\u4e8e\u6536\u4e0d\u5230\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u5c31\u77e5\u9053client\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8981\u6c42\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u201d<\/font><\/p>\n

5.\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b\u6d41\u7a0b<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\"1741670734325-75ca002f-f597-4024-b58c-2f1ea702dad7.png\"<\/p>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6740\u6389\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1a<\/font><\/p>\n

\"1741670734338-6b7d365a-29c0-481a-ab3c-b465ef2af77c.png\"<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u6293\u5305\u4fe1\u606f\u770b\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u56derst\u4f4d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6win\u7f6e\u4e3a0\uff0c\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u8981\u53d1\u5305\u3002\u6309tcp\u6d41\u63a7\u673a\u5236\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e94\u8be5\u505c\u6b62\u53d1\u5305\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u606f\u544a\u8bc9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u4ece\u56fe\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u91cd\u4f20\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u662f\u5931\u8d25\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684syn\u5305\u7ee7\u7eed\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

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\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u5206\u624b\uff1a \u4e3b\u673a2\u5411\u4e3b\u673a1\u53d1\u9001FIN\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e3b\u673a2\u8fdb\u5165LAST_ACK\u72b6\u6001\uff1b<\/font><\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u5206\u624b\uff1a \u4e3b\u673a1\u6536\u5230\u4e3b\u673a2\u53d1\u9001\u7684FIN\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff0c\u5411\u4e3b\u673a2\u53d1\u9001ACK\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e3b\u673a1\u8fdb\u5165TIME_WAIT\u72b6\u6001\uff1b\u4e3b\u673a2\u6536\u5230\u4e3b\u673a1\u7684ACK\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\uff1b\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a1\u7b49\u5f852MSL\u540e\u4f9d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u56de\u590d\uff0c\u5219\u8bc1\u660eServer\u7aef\u5df2\u6b63\u5e38\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u90a3\u597d\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a1\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u4e86\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

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6.\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u56db\u6b21\u5206\u624b\uff1f<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

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7.\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u7b49\u5f852MSL\uff1f<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u4e8c\uff1a<\/font><\/p>\n

\u4fdd\u8bc1TCP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u8fde\u63a5\u80fd\u591f\u53ef\u9760\u5173\u95ed<\/font><\/p>\n

\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8fd9\u6b21\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6d88\u5931<\/font><\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u673a1\u76f4\u63a5CLOSED\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7531\u4e8eIP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7edc\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e3b\u673a2\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u4e3b\u673a1\u6700\u540e\u56de\u590d\u7684ACK\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u4e3b\u673a2\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u8d85\u65f6\u4e4b\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u9001FIN\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7531\u4e8e\u4e3b\u673a1\u5df2\u7ecfCLOSED\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4e0e\u91cd\u53d1\u7684FIN\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a1\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u5165CLOSED\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u4fdd\u6301TIME_WAIT\uff0c\u5f53\u518d\u6b21\u6536\u5230FIN\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5bf9\u65b9\u6536\u5230ACK\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u70b9\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u673a1\u76f4\u63a5CLOSED\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53c8\u518d\u5411\u4e3b\u673a2\u53d1\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0e\u521a\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u8001\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u51fa\u73b0\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u8001\u8fde\u63a5\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u524d\u4e00\u6b21\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4ecd\u7136\u6ede\u7559\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6570\u636e\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u5230\u8fbe\u4e3b\u673a2\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u8001\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0cTCP\u534f\u8bae\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e2a\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u548c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53d1\u751f\u6df7\u6dc6\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u8fd8\u8981\u5728TIME_WAIT\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u5f852\u500dMSL\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u672c\u6b21\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

8.TCP\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u628a\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5f97\u8fc7\u5feb\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca\u63a5\u6536\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u901f\u7387\u4e0d\u8981\u592a\u5feb\uff0c\u8981\u8ba9\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u6765\u5f97\u53ca\u63a5\u6536\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u5229\u7528\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5728TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u8bbeA\u5411B\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u65f6\uff0cB\u544a\u8bc9\u4e86A\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7a97\u53e3\u662f rwnd = 400 \u201d(\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 rwnd \u8868\u793a receiver window) \u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u7a97\u53e3\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u6570\u503c\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cTCP\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u4e3a100\u5b57\u8282\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u5e8f\u53f7\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3a1\u3002\u5927\u5199ACK\u8868\u793a\u9996\u90e8\u4e2d\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u4f4dACK\uff0c\u5c0f\u5199ack\u8868\u793a\u786e\u8ba4\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503cack\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\"1741670736237-650ab769-8a17-4d34-8668-36f487664a2e.png\"<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u56fe\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0cB\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e09\u6b21\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u628a\u7a97\u53e3\u51cf\u5c11\u5230 rwnd = 300 \uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u53c8\u51cf\u5230\u4e86 rwnd = 100 \uff0c\u6700\u540e\u51cf\u5230 rwnd = 0 \uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u518d\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f7f\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u6682\u505c\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5c06\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u4e3b\u673aB\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u503c\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002B\u5411A\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 ACK = 1 \uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728ACK=1\u65f6\u786e\u8ba4\u53f7\u5b57\u6bb5\u624d\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

TCP\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668(persistence timer)\u3002\u53ea\u8981TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\u6536\u5230\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u96f6\u7a97\u53e3\u901a\u77e5\uff0c\u5c31\u542f\u52a8\u6301\u7eed\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u3002\u82e5\u6301\u7eed\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5230\u671f\uff0c\u5c31\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u96f6\u7a97\u53e3\u63a7\u6d4b\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff08\u643a1\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\u5c31\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6301\u7eed\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

9.TCP\u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6162\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u62e5\u585e\u907f\u514d<\/font><\/p>\n

\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7ef4\u6301\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3 cwnd ( congestion window )\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u62e5\u585e\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u5728\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u7a97\u53e3\u7b49\u4e8e\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u63a7\u5236\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u539f\u5219\u662f\uff1a\u53ea\u8981\u7f51\u7edc\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u62e5\u585e\uff0c\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u5c31\u518d\u589e\u5927\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u628a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u53d1\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u4f46\u53ea\u8981\u7f51\u7edc\u51fa\u73b0\u62e5\u585e\uff0c\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u5c31\u51cf\u5c0f\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u6570\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u6162\u5f00\u59cb\u7b97\u6cd5<\/font><\/p>\n

\u5f53\u4e3b\u673a\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7acb\u5373\u6240\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u8282\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u7f51\u7edc\u62e5\u585e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u5e76\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8d1f\u8377\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f \u5148\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u7531\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u5927\u53d1\u9001\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u7531\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u5927\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u6570\u503c\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u521a\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u9001\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u65f6\uff0c\u5148\u628a\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3 cwnd \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5MSS\u7684\u6570\u503c\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6bcf\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u65b0\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u540e\uff0c\u628a\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u589e\u52a0\u81f3\u591a\u4e00\u4e2aMSS\u7684\u6570\u503c\u3002\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u9010\u6b65\u589e\u5927\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7684\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3 cwnd \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5206\u7ec4\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u901f\u7387\u66f4\u52a0\u5408\u7406\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\"1741670736037-a59c298d-5034-4a2c-9614-df1fedf0b60c.png\"<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f20\u8f93\u8f6e\u6b21\uff0c\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3 cwnd \u5c31\u52a0\u500d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f20\u8f93\u8f6e\u6b21\u6240\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5f80\u8fd4\u65f6\u95f4RTT\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u201c\u4f20\u8f93\u8f6e\u6b21\u201d\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a\u628a\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3cwnd\u6240\u5141\u8bb8\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u90fd\u8fde\u7eed\u53d1\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u5e76\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u5bf9\u5df2\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u53e6\uff0c\u6162\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u201c\u6162\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6307cwnd\u7684\u589e\u957f\u901f\u7387\u6162\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6307\u5728TCP\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u9001\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u65f6\u5148\u8bbe\u7f6ecwnd=1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u53ea\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff08\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8bd5\u63a2\u4e00\u4e0b\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u62e5\u585e\u60c5\u51b5\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u5927cwnd\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3cwnd\u589e\u957f\u8fc7\u5927\u5f15\u8d77\u7f51\u7edc\u62e5\u585e\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6162\u5f00\u59cb\u95e8\u9650ssthresh\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u6162\u5f00\u59cb\u95e8\u9650ssthresh\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/font><\/p>\n

\u5f53 cwnd < ssthresh \u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6162\u5f00\u59cb\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u5f53 cwnd > ssthresh \u65f6\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u6162\u5f00\u59cb\u7b97\u6cd5\u800c\u6539\u7528\u62e5\u585e\u907f\u514d\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u5f53 cwnd = ssthresh \u65f6\uff0c\u65e2\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u6162\u5f00\u59cb\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236\u907f\u514d\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u62e5\u585e\u907f\u514d<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8ba9\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3cwnd\u7f13\u6162\u5730\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u5373\u6bcf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f80\u8fd4\u65f6\u95f4RTT\u5c31\u628a\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7684\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3cwnd\u52a01\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u52a0\u500d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3cwnd\u6309\u7ebf\u6027\u89c4\u5f8b\u7f13\u6162\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u6bd4\u6162\u5f00\u59cb\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u589e\u957f\u901f\u7387\u7f13\u6162\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\"1741670736035-d17871e0-50b8-4d93-98a4-32c236d72a6c.png\"<\/p>\n

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\"1741670736066-ee4429d4-43a1-44e8-8532-ac3ab537fc54.png\"<\/p>\n

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\"1741670736023-323e97c2-bcbe-489d-8c49-880226b49744.png\"<\/p>\n

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\"1741670737735-92c8b939-8a0b-468d-a159-887214be93db.png\"<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\uff35\uff24\uff30\u534f\u8bae<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

UDP\uff08User Data Protocol\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\u6e90\u7aef\u548c\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0d\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5f53\u5b83\u60f3\u4f20\u9001\u65f6\u5c31\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u53bb\u6293\u53d6\u6765\u81ea\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5feb\u5730\u628a\u5b83\u6254\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\uff0cUDP\u4f20\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u53d7\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u751f\u6210\u6570\u636e\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u4f20\u8f93\u5e26\u5bbd\u7684\u9650\u5236<\/font><\/p>\n

1.UDP\u9996\u90e8\u683c\u5f0f<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670737674-5d5bb883-0d32-4b44-8219-836f3e0f975f.png\"<\/p>\n

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\u4e94\u3001HTTP\u534f\u8bae<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

1.http\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670737685-b55a55c5-777b-4915-ae2a-76cced6c4656.png\"<\/p>\n

2.http\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\"1741670737631-685a0821-3e26-4440-a655-3b379b1e78b9.png\"<\/p>\n

\"1741670740010-54d30e39-54e4-4f47-a6be-173f50a7a88a.png\"<\/p>\n

\"1741670739898-b53b87bf-92a3-44a1-9654-9f6411a10e1c.png\"<\/p>\n

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\"1741670739901-3bfb44fc-0bf1-4672-902d-73b0f910f7ae.png\"<\/p>\n

\"1741670739904-e2b5f4c1-8674-41f1-81b6-3cea6ce80bba.png\"<\/p>\n

\"1741670739918-3fb27ca3-cbe2-4d1e-bbe3-15f61e116eb1.png\"<\/p>\n

\"1741670742350-5fb9630e-0c4f-48e5-bdb8-49cf4edbd204.png\"<\/p>\n

6.\u56fe\u793a\u4e3ahttp\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6d41\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e2ahttp\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u6d41\u7a0b<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670742426-e542d8b9-5e89-4272-87eb-39111804ea9a.png\"<\/p>\n

7.Get\u8bf7\u6c42\u6293\u5305\u60c5\u51b5<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670742422-4e0a6795-e9c0-4fcc-99a3-1d02494bd009.png\"<\/p>\n

8.Post\u8bf7\u6c42\u6293\u5305\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u548cget\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u662fpost\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u653e\u5230\u4e86\u5305\u4f53\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800cget\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u653e\u5230\u4e86heads\u91cc\u9762<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670742488-49c126d5-534b-4061-bde6-5ef9b9c896e9.png\"<\/p>\n

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\uff11\u3001\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff29\uff30<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670742377-14a5f2bb-7b11-4912-90c6-35511a934277.png\"<\/p>\n

\uff12\u3001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7aef\u53e3<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670745375-b0964975-1e1c-4e3f-ab9c-16b795c9040e.png\"<\/p>\n

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\"1741670745331-8ac5c6f2-9ec7-40d5-abb7-70a781d49f87.png\"<\/p>\n

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\"1741670745110-33932661-cb0f-4266-b7ad-9c775062be19.png\"<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u5305\u957f\u5ea6\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670745109-317129c3-7920-4aec-b58f-b1253c60183f.png\"<\/p>\n

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\"1741670745115-62ccb16b-7aab-4bd0-b02d-74b0fb8de28d.png\"<\/p>\n

\uff17\u3001\uff34\uff23\uff30\u53c2\u6570\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"1741670748220-58d516ee-f07a-468f-b082-11d5180df51f.png\"<\/p>\n

\n

\u66f4\u65b0: 2025-03-11 13:26:09
\n\u539f\u6587: https:\/\/www.yuque.com\/yuhui.net\/network\/byzoyox641qm34zu<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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