\u5b89\u88c5phpstudy<\/h1>\n
![\"1743303989180-0db6eeb6-8a5a-4c4e-9f6c-9393ed623a44.png\"](\"https:\/\/cdn.picui.cn\/vip\/2025\/10\/24\/68faeb18c825d.png\")
<\/p>\n
\u542f\u52a8apache\u548cMysql<\/p>\n
![\"1743304159519-143a5a92-c3b0-402d-89e1-f70981deeded.png\"](\"https:\/\/cdn.picui.cn\/vip\/2025\/10\/24\/68faeb1aac8a2.png\")
<\/p>\n
\u5982\u6709\u5df2\u88ab\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u628a\u5360\u7528\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f<\/p>\n
1\u3001mysql\u7684\u767b\u9646\u4e0e\u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n
![\"1743341140986-06cd08e5-fb81-43fc-81b8-6e2d22c3135b.png\"](\"https:\/\/cdn.picui.cn\/vip\/2025\/10\/24\/68faeb1c872e2.png\")
<\/p>\n
![\"1743340739127-7db0d973-0b91-412d-b8fe-c6abfdcc8bdd.png\"](\"https:\/\/cdn.picui.cn\/vip\/2025\/10\/24\/68faeb1ee3eab.png\")
<\/p>\n
1\u3001 2\u3001 3\u3001 mysql> select * from user where user=’root’;<\/p>\n \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u8868 user \u7528\u6237\u4e3aroot\u7684\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n 1\u3001\u65b0\u589e\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n 2\u3001\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n 3\u3001\u6539<\/p>\n 4\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684utf8\uff0c\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1a\u5199\u4e0acharacter_set_server =utf8<\/p>\n \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u65e0\u8868<\/p>\n 1\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u8868\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n 2\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u8868\u90fd\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n 3\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u8868<\/p>\n \u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n create database if not exists [table];<\/p>\n if not exists \u8868\u793a\u5f53\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8868\u540d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u521b\u9020\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8bed\u53e5\u6267\u884c\u9519\u8bef<\/p>\n ENGINE\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8868\u7684\u5f15\u64ce<\/p>\n DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8\u8868\u793a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5f15\u64ce\u6709InnoDB myisam<\/p>\n MySQL\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u5206\u522b\u5217\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5e76\u7b80\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n \u7ea6\u675f\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u7ea6\u675f\uff1a<\/p>\n \u8981\u5411\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8868\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u8868\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u67d0\u4e00\u5217\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u4f7f\u7528 \u66f4\u6539\u73b0\u6709\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u4e5f\u901a\u8fc7 \u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u5217\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 \u5411\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3b\u952e\u3001\u5916\u952e\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\uff1a<\/p>\n \u5220\u9664\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\uff1a<\/p>\n \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8868\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u53ca\u5176\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7 \u67e5\u8be2\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f7f\u7528 \u5f53\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 \u5220\u9664\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f7f\u7528 mysql -uroot -proot -h127.0.0.1<\/code>\u6216-hlocalhost<\/p>\n![\"1743341258127-dafc1f33-cefc-4168-9c84-4eab021449a7.png\"](\"https:\/\/cdn.picui.cn\/vip\/2025\/10\/24\/68faeb210a690.png\")
<\/p>\nmysql\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h1>\n
mysql> exit<\/code><\/p>\nmysql> quit<\/code><\/p>\nmysql> q<\/code><\/p>\nmysql\u6ce8\u91ca\u7b26<\/h1>\n
#...<\/code><\/p>\n\"-- ...\"<\/code><\/p>\n\/*...*\/<\/code><\/p>\nmysql> use mysql;<\/code>use\u7528\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\nmysql> show tables;<\/code>\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8868<\/p>\n![\"1743341626706-27509db9-396a-45ee-828e-0187aafff8eb.png\"](\"https:\/\/cdn.picui.cn\/vip\/2025\/10\/24\/68faeb2364282.png\")
<\/p>\n\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h1>\n
create database database_name;<\/code><\/p>\ncreate database database_name;<\/code><\/p>\ncreate database database_name charset utf8<\/code><\/p>\nshow database;<\/code> #\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\nshow create database database_name;<\/code>#\u67e5\u770b\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\nshow status;<\/code>— \u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u5b9a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf<\/p>\ndesc tabl_name;<\/code>\u663e\u793a\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u4e3b\u5065\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\u7b49\u5c5e\u4f46\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u5916\u952e<\/p>\nmysql> show database\uff1b<\/code>\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n![\"1743341451873-ee531cf2-473b-4d29-9909-50c276a791b8.png\"](\"https:\/\/cdn.picui.cn\/vip\/2025\/10\/24\/68faeb25802a2.png\")
<\/p>\n\u8868\u7684\u5b66\u4e60<\/h1>\n
![\"1743343002921-b3f047f5-8b94-423b-9bc0-9666d0dc761a.png\"](\"https:\/\/cdn.picui.cn\/vip\/2025\/10\/24\/68faeb27475f7.png\")
<\/p>\ndesc table<\/code><\/p>\ndescribe table_name;<\/code><\/p>\nselect * from table_name;<\/code><\/p>\nCreate table table_name \uff08<\/code><\/p>\n\u5c5e\u6027\u540d \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b [\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6];<\/code><\/p>\n\u5c5e\u6027\u540d \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b [\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6];<\/code><\/p>\n....<\/code><\/p>\n\u5c5e\u6027\u540d \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b [\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6];<\/code><\/p>\n\uff09\uff1b<\/code><\/p>\nCREATE TABLE student (\n s_id int(10) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,\n s_name char(20) NOT NULL,\n s_class varchar(20) NOT NULL\n)ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;<\/code><\/pre>\n\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/h1>\n
MySQL \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n
1. \u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n
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2. \u65e5\u671f\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n
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3. \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n
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MySQL \u7ea6\u675f<\/h3>\n
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\u4fee\u6539\u8868<\/h1>\n
1. \u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u5217<\/h4>\n
ALTER TABLE<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\nALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatype [constraints];<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
employees<\/code> \u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5217 email<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a VARCHAR(50)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nALTER TABLE employees ADD email VARCHAR(50);<\/code><\/pre>\n2. \u5220\u9664\u5217<\/h4>\n
ALTER TABLE<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\nALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
employees<\/code> \u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664 email<\/code> \u5217\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nALTER TABLE employees DROP COLUMN email;<\/code><\/pre>\n3. \u4fee\u6539\u73b0\u6709\u5217<\/h4>\n
ALTER TABLE<\/code> \u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\nALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name new_datatype [new_constraints];<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
employees<\/code> \u8868\u4e2d\u7684 email<\/code> \u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6539\u4e3a TEXT\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nALTER TABLE employees MODIFY email TEXT;<\/code><\/pre>\n4. \u91cd\u547d\u540d\u5217<\/h4>\n
ALTER TABLE<\/code> \u6765\u5b8c\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\nALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE old_column_name new_column_name datatype [constraints];<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
employees<\/code> \u8868\u4e2d\u7684 first_name<\/code> \u5217\u66f4\u540d\u4e3a fname<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nALTER TABLE employees CHANGE first_name fname VARCHAR(30);<\/code><\/pre>\n5. \u589e\u52a0\u7ea6\u675f<\/h4>\n
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD CONSTRAINT constraint_name constraint_type (column_name,...) [reference_definition];<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
orders<\/code> \u8868\u6dfb\u52a0\u5916\u952e\u5f15\u7528 customers<\/code> \u8868\u7684 id<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nALTER TABLE orders ADD CONSTRAINT fk_customer FOREIGN KEY (customer_id) REFERENCES customers(id);<\/code><\/pre>\n6. \u5220\u9664\u7ea6\u675f<\/h4>\n
ALTER TABLE table_name DROP CONSTRAINT constraint_name;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
fk_customer<\/code> \u7684\u5916\u952e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nALTER TABLE orders DROP FOREIGN KEY fk_customer;<\/code><\/pre>\n\u67e5\u8be2\u8868\u7ed3\u6784<\/h1>\n
DESCRIBE table_name;\n-- \u6216\u8005\nSHOW COLUMNS FROM table_name;<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5728\u8868\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff08\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e \uff09<\/h1>\n
INSERT INTO<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3, ...)\nVALUES (value1, value2, value3, ...);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
\n\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a students<\/code> \u7684\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b id<\/code>, name<\/code>, \u548c age<\/code> \u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nINSERT INTO students (id, name, age)\nVALUES (1, '\u5f20\u4e09', 20);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
\n
\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e<\/h1>\n
SELECT<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6761\u4ef6\u7b5b\u9009\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u7b49\u9009\u9879\u6765\u5b9a\u5236\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n
SELECT column1, column2, ...\nFROM table_name\n[WHERE condition]\n[ORDER BY column ASC|DESC];<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
\n\u4ece students<\/code> \u8868\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u5e74\u9f84\u5927\u4e8e18\u5c81\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u5e74\u9f84\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nSELECT * FROM students\nWHERE age > 18\nORDER BY age DESC;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
\n
*<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u6240\u6709\u5217\u3002<\/li>\nWHERE<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\nORDER BY<\/code> \u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5347\u5e8f(ASC)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e<\/h1>\n
UPDATE<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n
UPDATE table_name\nSET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ...\n[WHERE condition];<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
\n\u66f4\u65b0 students<\/code> \u8868\u4e2d\u540d\u5b57\u4e3a\u201c\u5f20\u4e09\u201d\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u4e3a21\u5c81\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nUPDATE students\nSET age = 21\nWHERE name = '\u5f20\u4e09';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
\n
WHERE<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u884c\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/li>\n\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e<\/h1>\n
DELETE<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u4e0a WHERE<\/code> \u6765\u9650\u5236\u54ea\u4e9b\u884c\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n\n
DELETE FROM table_name\n[WHERE condition];<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
\n\u4ece students<\/code> \u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u540d\u5b57\u4e3a\u201c\u674e\u56db\u201d\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nDELETE FROM students\nWHERE name = '\u674e\u56db';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n